TitleSustained Secretion of the Antimicrobial Peptide S100A7 Is Dependent on the Downregulation of Caspase-8.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2019
AuthorsBhatt T, Bhosale A, Bajantri B, Mathapathi MSwamy, Rizvi A, Scita G, Majumdar A, Jamora C
JournalCell Rep
Volume29
Issue9
Pagination2546-2555.e4
Date Published2019 Nov 26
ISSN2211-1247
Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the body's natural innate immune defense against a spectrum of pathogens and can also modulate cell proliferation, chemotaxis, angiogenesis, wound healing, and immune cell activity. Harnessing these diverse functions for prophylactic use is contingent upon understanding the regulatory mechanisms governing their unconventional secretion from cells. Analysis of the secretion of S100A7 (Psoriasin), an abundant AMP stored in differentiated keratinocytes of the skin, has revealed an unexpected biphasic secretory response to bacterial exposure. The core components regulating S100A7 secretion are NFκB/p38MAPK, caspase-1, and interleukin (IL)-1α. The initial activation of this core machinery is mediated by Toll-like receptor signaling, whereas the chronic response is mediated by Caspase-8 downregulation. Interestingly, there is a concomitant downregulation of Caspase-8 in inflammatory skin diseases wherein S100A7 is constitutively released. These results highlight the potential of targeting these components to control the release of AMPs from the skin in both homeostatic and disease conditions.

DOI10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.090
Alternate JournalCell Rep
PubMed ID31775025