
@article {147291,
	title = {Early Detection of KP.2 SARS-CoV-2 Variant using Wastewater-based Genomic Surveillance in Pune, Maharashtra, India.},
	journal = {J Travel Med},
	year = {2024},
	month = {2024 Jul 17},
	issn = {1708-8305},
	doi = {10.1093/jtm/taae097},
	author = {Rajput, Vinay and Das, Rashmita and Pramanik, Rinka and Nannaware, Kiran and Sushma, Y and Taji, Nyabom and Rajput, Vishal and Rajkhowa, Riyakshi and Pacharne, Poonam and Shah, Priyanki and Gogate, Niharika and Sangwar, Poornima and Bhalerao, Asim and Jain, Nidhi and Kamble, Sanjay and Dastager, Syed and Shashidhara, L S and Karyakarte, Rajesh and Dharne, Mahesh}
}
@article {150948,
	title = {Monitoring Influenza A (H1N1, H3N2), RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 Using Wastewater-Based Epidemiology: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study in an Indian Megacity Covering Omicron and Post-Omicron Phases.},
	journal = {Food Environ Virol},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2024},
	month = {2024 Nov 19},
	pages = {3},
	abstract = {<p>The bourgeoning field of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for the surveillance of several respiratory viruses which includes Influenza A, H1N1pdm09, H3N2, respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is of interest for public health concerns. However, there are few long-term monitoring studies globally. In this study, respiratory viruses were detected and quantified from 11 sewer sheds by utilizing reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis in Pune city, India, from Jan 2022 to Dec 2023. The RNA fragments of respiratory viruses were detected in sewage samples before clinical cases were reported, underscoring the potential of WBE for early detection and monitoring within the population. The Spearman correlation of wastewater viral copies was positively and significantly correlated with the clinically positive case of H1N1pdm09 (ρ = 0.55, p = 1.4 {\texttimes} 10), H3N2 (ρ = 0.25, p = 9.9 {\texttimes} 10), and SARS-CoV-2 (ρ = 0.43, p = 4.1 {\texttimes} 10). The impact of public health interventions on the circulation of infectious respiratory diseases showed a significant difference in the viral load during the period when many preventing measures were carried out against the COVID-19 pandemic (restriction phase), compared to the period when no such preventive measures are followed (no-restriction phase) for Influenza A, H1N1pdm09, H3N2, and RSV with p-value \&lt; 0.05, which indicates the influence of health policy implementation in controlling disease spread. The present study provides an effective approach to detecting multiple respiratory viruses from wastewater and provides insights into the epidemiology of respiratory illnesses. The WBE aids in providing information on the spread of pathogens (viruses) in the community, offering a proactive strategy for public health management, allowing for timely interventions and implementing targeted measures to mitigate the spread of these viruses under one health approach.</p>
},
	keywords = {Cities, COVID-19, Humans, India, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Longitudinal Studies, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Viruses, SARS-CoV-2, Sewage, Wastewater, Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring},
	issn = {1867-0342},
	doi = {10.1007/s12560-024-09618-y},
	author = {Pramanik, Rinka and Nannaware, Kiran and Malik, Vinita and Shah, Priyanki and Sangewar, Poornima and Gogate, Niharika and Shashidhara, L S and Boargaonkar, Radhika and Patil, Dhawal and Kale, Saurabh and Bhalerao, Asim and Jain, Nidhi and Kamble, Sanjay and Dastager, Syed and Dharne, Mahesh}
}
@article {149410,
	title = {Wastewater surveillance in post-omicron silent phase uncovers silent waves and cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variants; a yearlong study in Western India.},
	journal = {Sci Total Environ},
	volume = {955},
	year = {2024},
	month = {2024 Oct 11},
	pages = {176833},
	abstract = {<p>Due to reduced clinical testing and evolving monitoring challenges, tracking the emergence and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants has become increasingly complex. To address this gap, we investigated the utility of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) as a complementary tool for SARS-CoV-2 variant surveillance in sewage treatment plants (STPs) across Pune, India. We analyzed 1128 wastewater samples collected between May 2022 and May 2023, using Illumina and nanopore sequencing techniques for robust detection and variant characterization. The study revealed critical findings, including "silent waves" with elevated viral load despite minimal clinical cases, suggesting potential cryptic transmission. These silent waves aligned with the dominance of Omicron BA.2 in June-July 2022 and emergence of the recombinant XBB clade in December 2022. Importantly, sequencing detected XBB lineages 130-253\&nbsp;days before their initial clinical identification, demonstrating its significant advantage in early variant detection. Furthermore, wastewater analysis revealed a higher degree of lineage diversity compared to clinical data, indicating its ability to capture a broader spectrum of circulating variants. The BA.2.86.X was identified 103\&nbsp;days prior to its clinical detection in Pune, highlighting WBE{\textquoteright}s remarkable lead time. Surprisingly, BF.7.X and BQ.X fragments were also detected in wastewater but not yet reported clinically. These findings demonstrate the remarkable value of WBE as an early warning tool for SARS-CoV-2 variants ahead of time. By revealing silent waves, enabling early variant detection, and capturing a broader viral spectrum, WBE effort could empower public health officials to make informed decisions and implement effective strategies to mitigate future waves, especially in contexts with declining clinical testing.</p>
},
	issn = {1879-1026},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176833},
	author = {Rajput, Vinay and Pramanik, Rinka and Nannaware, Kiran and Malik, Vinita and Matra, Sejal and Kumar, Shubham and Joshi, Sai and Kadam, Pradnya and Bhalerao, Unnati and Tupekar, Manisha and Deshpande, Dipti and Shah, Priyanki and Sangewar, Poornima and Gogate, Niharika and Boargaonkar, Radhika and Patil, Dhawal and Kale, Saurabh and Bhalerao, Asim and Jain, Nidhi and Shashidhara, L S and Kamble, Sanjay and Dastager, Syed and Karmodiya, Krishanpal and Dharne, Mahesh}
}
