
@article {78098,
	title = {Phylogenomics Reveals Ancient Gene Tree Discordance in the Amphibian Tree of Life.},
	journal = {Syst Biol},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2020 May 02},
	pages = {49-66},
	abstract = {<p>Molecular phylogenies have yielded strong support for many parts of the amphibian Tree of Life, but poor support for the resolution of deeper nodes, including relationships among families and orders. To clarify these relationships, we provide a phylogenomic perspective on amphibian relationships by developing a taxon-specific Anchored Hybrid Enrichment protocol targeting hundreds of conserved exons which are effective across the class. After obtaining data from 220 loci for 286 species (representing 94\% of the families and 44\% of the genera), we estimate a phylogeny for extant amphibians and identify gene tree-species tree conflict across the deepest branches of the amphibian phylogeny. We perform locus-by-locus genealogical interrogation of alternative topological hypotheses for amphibian monophyly, focusing on interordinal relationships. We find that phylogenetic signal deep in the amphibian phylogeny varies greatly across loci in a manner that is consistent with incomplete lineage sorting in the ancestral lineage of extant amphibians. Our results overwhelmingly support amphibian monophyly and a sister relationship between frogs and salamanders, consistent with the Batrachia hypothesis. Species tree analyses converge on a small set of topological hypotheses for the relationships among extant amphibian families. These results clarify several contentious portions of the amphibian Tree of Life, which in conjunction with a set of vetted fossil calibrations, support a surprisingly younger timescale for crown and ordinal amphibian diversification than previously reported. More broadly, our study provides insight into the sources, magnitudes, and heterogeneity of support across loci in phylogenomic data sets.</p>
},
	issn = {1076-836X},
	doi = {10.1093/sysbio/syaa034},
	author = {Hime, Paul M and Lemmon, Alan R and Lemmon, Emily C Moriarty and Prendini, Elizabeth and Brown, Jeremy M and Thomson, Robert C and Kratovil, Justin D and Noonan, Brice P and Pyron, R Alexander and Peloso, Pedro L V and Kortyna, Michelle L and Keogh, J Scott and Donnellan, Stephen C and Mueller, Rachel Lockridge and Raxworthy, Christopher J and Kunte, Krushnamegh and Ron, Santiago R and Das, Sandeep and Gaitonde, Nikhil and Green, David M and Labisko, Jim and Che, Jing and Weisrock, David W}
}
